Recent evaluations by the U.S. Congressional Budget Office (CBO) have raised concerns over the financial implications of the orphan drug exemption, with estimates suggesting a potential cost increase of $8.8 billion over the next decade. In response, Democratic senators have introduced legislation aiming to roll back this exemption, which they argue disproportionately benefits pharmaceutical companies at the expense of Medicare recipients. Critics of the current drug pricing policies highlight that the changes could lead to an additional $3.9 billion burden on Medicare. As the debate intensifies, legislators are addressing how these economic factors intersect with broader healthcare reforms, stating that recent policies could result in substantial financial repercussions for taxpayers. The cumulative findings from the CBO have further fueled discussions on the need for effective regulation to safeguard drug pricing and protect senior citizens from escalating costs.