Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their groundbreaking work in the discovery of microRNA, a crucial component in gene regulation. Their research has significantly advanced our understanding of molecular biology. This year’s Nobel announcements come amidst a backdrop of global challenges, including wars and famine. The Nobel Prize in medicine opens a week of award announcements, highlighting the impactful contributions of scientists worldwide.