Recent decisions by the Trump administration to freeze foreign aid, particularly affecting the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), have raised alarms over the future of HIV treatment and care across various countries, notably in South Africa and Haiti. Activists and health officials express concerns about the abrupt changes and their potential to disrupt crucial programs, with South Africa reporting a significant funding shortfall of $405 million for HIV initiatives. Protests have erupted, demanding a reversal of the cuts, as many healthcare providers struggle to adapt to the uncertainties surrounding US funding. Experts warn that these developments could lead to increased HIV rates and jeopardize the progress made in combating the disease, emphasizing that the freeze threatens not only current treatment availability but also the overall health infrastructure in affected regions.