A Senate committee, led by Republicans, has voted to hold former National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases director Anthony Fauci in contempt of Congress for his refusal to answer questions during a COVID-19 hearing. The vote has raised questions about the implications for Fauci, particularly as several state attorneys general have subpoenaed him amidst ongoing tensions regarding his handling of the pandemic. Defending himself, Fauci cited his Fifth Amendment rights, which has sparked further debate among lawmakers about whether he should face prosecution. As the situation develops, the Justice Department is set to review the contempt referral, while some lawmakers express concerns that such legal challenges could deter scientists from public service.