A significant climate change case has commenced at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), drawing attention from small island nations facing existential threats due to rising sea levels. Vanuatu and other Pacific nations are urging the court to recognize the harms caused by climate change and clarify the legal obligations of major emitters like the United States and China. The U.S. has defended the Paris Climate Accord as the best hope for addressing climate issues, while critics argue it is undercutting meaningful action. As the hearings progress, there are growing calls for accountability and climate reparations from wealthy nations. These proceedings aim to establish a new legal framework for tackling climate change and may shape the future of global climate litigation.